• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A mass estimation method enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, provided with a means for measuring the pressure in the cylinder, a means for measuring the angle of the crankshaft relative to a reference position and the temperature of the coolant of the combustion chamber. The method comprises steps in which the rotational speed of the engine is determined from the measurement of the crankshaft angle and the engine load is determined. The method also comprises the following steps: When the cylinder valves are completely closed and before the first fuel injection, the volume of the cylinder is determined according to the crankshaft angle, calibration parameters related to the heat losses are determined to the walls according to a map based on the speed of rotation of the motor, the temperature modeled in the cylinder is determined by a zero-dimensional nonlinear model of the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber, a function of the pressure measurement in the cylinder, the specific constant of the gases in the cylinder, the specific heat at constant volume of the gases in the cylinder, the volume of the combustion chamber and calibration parameters related to the losses of heat to the walls, and determined the mass enclosed in the cylinder.
    公开号:FR3044717A1
    申请号:FR1561870
    申请日:2015-12-04
    公开日:2017-06-09
    发明作者:Vincent Talon；Felipe Castillo
    申请人:Renault SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A method for estimating mass enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The technical field of the invention is the control of an internal combustion engine.
    The pollution control standards oblige carmakers to develop new strategies to better control the combustion quality of petrol and diesel engines, in particular to estimate and control pollutant emissions, in particular nitrogen oxides NOx.
    One solution for estimating NOx is to use a cylinder pressure sensor mounted in series on certain vehicles. Thanks to this sensor, it is possible to know the pressure in the cylinder at any moment. Unfortunately, the formation of nitrogen oxides NOx varies as a function of order 1 as a function of the temperature in the cylinder. The temperature (T) of a gaseous mixture can be determined as a first approximation, by applying the ideal gas equation (P * V = m * r * T), if the cylinder pressure (P) and the mass are known. enclosed (m) in the cylinder. The volume (V) is a geometric function function of the crankshaft angle, and R is the constant of the perfect gases.
    However, there is no mass sensor enclosed in a combustion chamber.
    It is classically estimated that this mass is enclosed by filler maps, but which are not precise enough for estimating pollutant emissions.
    There are also pollutant emission sensors and in particular NOx nitrogen oxide sensors, which can be installed on the exhaust lines. However, the cost of such sensors does not make this solution economically viable.
    It is also possible to estimate the emissions of nitrogen oxides by using an estimator of NOx nitrogen oxides with a cylinder pressure sensor Pcyl but without an enclosed mass estimate, as described in the documents WO2009047412 and FR2945320.
    Alternatively, one can also use a NOx estimator without cylinder pressure sensor Pcyl cheaper than the version with cylinder pressure sensor. Such an estimator is for example described in document WO2015 / 059034.
    However, in both cases, the NOx nitrogen oxide emissions estimate is not robust and accurate enough for current clearance standards.
    There is therefore a need for a method of determining the mass enclosed in the cylinder by the cylinder pressure measurement, to determine the temperature and the amount produced NOx nitrogen oxides. The subject of the invention is a mass estimation method enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, equipped with a means for measuring the pressure in the cylinder, means for measuring the angle of the crankshaft relative to a reference position and the temperature of the coolant of the combustion chamber. The method includes steps in which the rotational speed of the engine is determined from the measurement of the crankshaft angle, and the engine load is determined.
    The method also includes the following steps. When the cylinder valves are completely closed and before the first fuel injection, the volume of the cylinder is determined as a function of crankshaft angle, calibration parameters related to heat losses to the walls are determined according to a mapping. depending on the rotational speed of the motor, the temperature modeled in the cylinder is determined by a nonlinear zero-dimensional model of the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber, as a function of the measurement of pressure in the cylinder, of the specific constant gases in the cylinder, specific heat at constant volume of the gases in the cylinder, the volume of the combustion chamber, and calibration parameters related to the heat losses to the walls, and the mass enclosed in the cylinder is determined.
    To solve the nonlinear zero dimension model, a sliding observer can be used.
    The mapping of the calibration parameters related to the wall heat losses can be predetermined on a test bench, depending on a measurement of the wall heat losses, a measurement of the cylinder temperature and the temperature of the liquid. cooling the cylinder by applying the law of Woschni.
    The mass enclosed in the cylinder can be determined as a function of the temperature modeled in the cylinder, the measurement of pressure in the cylinder, the volume of the cylinder, and the specific constant of the gases admitted into the cylinder. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example.
    The mass estimation method enclosed in the combustion chamber is based on an OD model which describes the dynamics of the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber. The following system of equations illustrates this model: (Eq 1) (Eq 2)
    With: pcyi: the pressure in the combustion chamber,
    Tcyi: the temperature in the combustion chamber, r: the specific constant of the gases in the cylinder, cv: the specific heat at constant volume, V: the volume of the combustion chamber (geometrical size depending on the angle of the crankshaft: Theta), dmh the enthalpy flow rate associated with the intake, dmh: the enthalpy flow rate associated with the exhaust, dmh b: the enthalpy flow rate associated with the combustion, mcyi: the mass in the combustion chamber and ôQpar: wall losses.
    The enclosed mass can be estimated from equations (1) and (2) by applying to the cylinder the ideal gas law described by the following equation:
    (Eq 3)
    Thus, the problem of the estimation of the enclosed mass can be expressed as the problem of estimating the Tcyi temperature of equation Eq. 2 from the measurement of pcyi. As it can be seen, the equation system Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 is a very complex system and difficult to manage at the observation level. For this reason, only certain phases of the engine stroke are considered to make the temperature more easily estimable.
    The following assumptions are made: • Only the time interval during which the valves are completely closed is taken into account; • The mass is estimated between the complete closing of the valves and the first fuel injection.
    These assumptions make it possible to cancel the terms associated with the enthalpy flows, which significantly simplifies the problem of estimating the temperature.
    We can then reformulate the equations Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 as follows: (Eq.4) (Eq.5)
    In parallel, we model the wall losses δQpar with the Woschni approximation given by:
    (Eq 6)
    With:
    Aw: the heat transfer surface, w: the rotational speed of the motor in rad / s,
    Tw: the wall temperature, k0 and ki: calibration parameters.
    It is noted that it is considered that the temperature of the walls Tw is substantially equal to the temperature of the coolant.
    The law of Woschni is known from literature. By replacing the wall losses 5Q by data by the equation Eq. 6 in the equations Eq. 4 and Eq. 5, the following system is obtained:
    (Eq.7) (Eq.8)
    As we can see, the system of equations Eq. 7 and Eq. 8 remains complex enough to solve because of nonlinearities and parametric variations.
    It is then proposed to use a sliding mode observation strategy (non-linear strategy) to estimate the temperature in the combustion chamber, which makes it possible to estimate the enclosed mass.
    For this purpose, the sliding mode observer (technique known from the literature) is used to estimate the temperature in the combustion chamber: (Eq.9) (Eq.10)
    With:
    (Eq.11) pcyl: the estimated value of the pressure in the combustion chamber, T, (t): the estimated value of the temperature in the combustion chamber and λi, and λ2: the parameters of the observer and
    The modeled temperature T ^ it) is defined as follows:
    (Eq.12)
    We set the following conditions:
    (Eq.13)
    It can be shown that if the conditions Eq. 13 are satisfied, then the estimation error of the temperature converges asymptotically to zero, which makes it possible to estimate the enclosed mass.
    The parameters λι, and can be calibrated to adjust the speed of convergence of the observer as soon as the conditions Eq. 13 are satisfied.
    The mass estimation method enclosed in the combustion chamber comprises the following steps.
    During a first step 1, the measurement of the cylinder pressure pcyi, the engine angle Theta, and the temperature of the coolant Tw are determined.
    During a second step, the parameters k0 and ki of heat loss at the walls are determined according to a map of the heat losses at the walls as a function of the speed of rotation of the motor. The mapping is determined by calibration of the parameters k0 and ki of the equation Eq. 6.
    During a fourth step 4, the temperature modeled in the cylinder Tcyl (t) is determined by means of an OD model of the pressure and the temperature in the cylinder is a function of the pressure measurement in the pcyi cylinder. k0 and ki parameters of heat losses to the walls and structural parameters of the cylinder. For this, we apply equations Eq. 7, Eq. 8.
    During a fifth step 5, the mass enclosed in the cylinder is determined as a function of the temperature modeled in the cylinder Tcyl (t), the measurement of pressure in the cylinder pcyi, the volume of the cylinder V (t) function of the engine angle Theta, and the specific constant r of the gases in the cylinder by applying equation Eq. 3.
    An open-loop estimation of the mass enclosed in the cylinder is thus carried out, that is to say without looping of the model of the temperature in the combustion chamber Tcyi on the measurement of the pressure in the combustion chamber pcyl. This entails a risk of divergence of the temperature in the combustion chamber and therefore the enclosed mass, one can alternatively make more robust the estimate of the mcyi mass by employing a sliding observer dependent on the parameters λι and λ2 of the observer. The equations Eq are then applied. 9 and Eq. 8 instead of equations Eq. 7 and Eq. 8. The parameters λι and Xi are determined so as to adjust the speed of convergence of the observer. Since the speed of convergence goes against the stability of the observer, the choice of parameters results from a compromise between the speed of convergence and stability.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A mass estimation method enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, provided with a means for measuring the pressure in the cylinder, a means for measuring the the angle of the crankshaft relative to a reference position and the temperature of the coolant of the combustion chamber, the method comprising steps in which the speed of rotation of the engine is determined from the measurement of the angle of the crankshaft, the engine load is determined, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: when the cylinder valves are completely closed and before the first fuel injection, the volume of the cylinder is determined according to the angle of the crankshaft, calibration parameters are determined related to the losses of heat to the walls according to a cartography function of the speed of rotation of the engine, it is necessary to determines the temperature modeled in the cylinder by a nonlinear zero dimensional model of the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber, a function of the cylinder pressure measurement, the specific gas constant in the cylinder, the specific heat constant volume of the gases in the cylinder, the volume of the combustion chamber and calibration parameters related to heat loss to the walls, and the estimate of the mass enclosed in the cylinder is deduced therefrom.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    The method of claim 1, wherein for solving the nonlinear zero dimensional model, a sliding observer is employed.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mapping of the calibration parameters related to the losses of heat to the walls is predetermined on a test bench, as a function of a measurement of the losses of heat to the walls, of a measurement of the cylinder temperature and the temperature of the cylinder coolant by applying Woschni's law.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mass enclosed in the cylinder is determined as a function of the temperature modeled in the cylinder, the measurement of pressure in the cylinder, the volume of the cylinder, and the constant specific gases admitted into the cylinder.
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2016-12-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-06-09| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170609 |
    2017-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
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    FR1561870A|FR3044717B1|2015-12-04|2015-12-04|METHOD OF ESTIMATING MASS EMERGED IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A CYLINDER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|FR1561870A| FR3044717B1|2015-12-04|2015-12-04|METHOD OF ESTIMATING MASS EMERGED IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A CYLINDER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    KR1020187019194A| KR20180091046A|2015-12-04|2016-11-24|Method for evaluating the mass contained in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of a vehicle internal combustion engine|
    EP16813014.4A| EP3384145B1|2015-12-04|2016-11-24|Method of estimating the mass enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine|
    PCT/FR2016/053070| WO2017093638A1|2015-12-04|2016-11-24|Method of estimating the mass enclosed in the combustion chamber of a cylinder of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine|
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